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Elaborative encoding
Elaborative encoding is the process of relating new information to pre-existing memories and knowledge. These connections can be made visually, spatially, semantically or acoustically. By making these quick associations, the connections between these memories are strengthened and are more likely to be shifted into long-term memory, therefore made easier to recall in the future.
== Explanation ==
We tend to remember new information and stimuli best when we can associate them with old memories and experiences in order to enrich the new stimulus. The efficiency and success of encoding (and subsequent retrieval) is largely dependent upon the type of associations you choose to make. It is generally accepted that the more unusual and meaningful these elaborately encoded memories are, the more successful you will be in trying to retrieve them. Elaborative encoding is most successful when the individual makes active attempts to elaborate on incoming information. This type of encoding also helps learning, as it constructs a rich set of integrated memories. Several theories suggest that your ability to recall information is heightened when your physical and mental conditions match those you experienced when you first encoded that information. For example, you will often be more successful in trying to remember something while chewing bubble gum if you were also chewing gum when you encoded the new stimulus originally. This has also been found to encompass drug- and alcohol-induced recollection; people who encoded memories in an intoxicated state were more successful at recalling them when in a similar state later on. Verbal elaboration has also been shown to strengthen mental connections and boost retrieval (see also rehearsal). Because the intensity and effectiveness of encoded connections varies from person to person, it is often difficult to study with consistent results.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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